Biogas is produced in methane fermentation, i.e. the anaerobic decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms. It is a mixture of mainly methane and carbon dioxide, and its energy value depends on the methane share.
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Acetate, propionate, butyrate and valerate are the everyday picture of the state of the process. We explain how to measure them, how to read the propionate-to-acetate ratio and when to react.
Free ammonia (NH₃) inhibits methanogenesis. We explain the dependence on pH and temperature, show the calculation step by step and set out the remedial options.
In August 2020 construction began on the Ecogas plant in Reporoa, which is to process 75,000 t of food waste a year and supply heat and CO₂ to the T&G greenhouse.
Orlen Południe, H. Cegielski-Poznań, the National Support Centre for Agriculture (KOWR) and the Poznań University of Life Sciences signed a letter of intent on biogas plants on the 20 largest farms supervised by KOWR.
Too low a C/N leads to ammonia inhibition, too high to nitrogen deficiency. We show the range, an example mix balance and typical values for substrates.
Indonesia has hundreds of palm oil mills, but in 2014–2018 biogas from POME was used on a small scale. What were the barriers: tariffs, grid connections, experience with PLN contracts and financing?
Rwandan prisons are among the pioneers of biogas in Africa: from 2008 to 2011 the number of institutions with biogas rose from eight to fourteen. Why do such installations differ in effectiveness?
The IEA special report "Outlook for biogas and biomethane: Prospects for organic growth" estimates that full use of the sustainable potential could cover about one fifth of global gas demand.
The first commercial cattle manure biogas plant in South Africa, about 4.4–4.6 MW, started up in October 2015 and sells electricity to the BMW factory in Rosslyn. What does it mean for the market?
In agricultural biogas plants pH is usually in the range 7.0–8.2. We explain the role of the buffer, the measurement, and why pH is a lagging indicator.
The Fund granted co-financing to 41 projects under measure 1.6.1 of the Infrastructure and Environment Operational Programme (POIiŚ). Among them are four agricultural biogas plants with a capacity of up to 500 kW and biomass installations.
Who produces methane in the digester and why the composition of the microbial community changes with ammonia, temperature and substrate. Practical conclusions for the operator.
The largest auction of 2019 (up to 34 TWh, PLN 20.74 billion) failed because too few bids were submitted. The auction for agricultural biogas plants above 1 MW produced only two winners.
Methane fermentation proceeds in four stages: hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis. We explain what happens in each and which one usually limits the rate of the process.
