Waste-to-energy covers energy recovery from fractions that cannot be recycled: thermal treatment, refuse-derived fuel (RDF), landfill gas, pyrolysis and gasification.
RSS
Gasification converts a solid fuel into syngas under a limited supply of oxygen. We compare reactor types, discuss the problem of tars and gas cleanliness, and look at what limits commercial deployment.
Bogotá's authorities described the biogas recovery system at the Doña Juana landfill: 1.7 MW of capacity, about 290 wells, 11,700 m³/h of gas and a plan to exceed 25 MW by 2022.
The NDRC and the construction ministry presented a municipal waste infrastructure plan for 2021–2025: incineration capacity of 800,000 t a day and about 60% material utilisation of household waste.
The Polish Development Fund (PFR) provided mezzanine financing to the ITPO Olsztyn project: an installation with a throughput of at least 100 thousand tonnes per year, which is to supply the district heating network and replace a coal-fired source.
Landfill gas forms from the decomposition of biodegradable waste and usually contains about half methane. We describe the phases of its formation, composition, risks and the degassing obligations under the directive and national rules.
RDF is a fuel from the high-calorific fraction of waste, SRF its standardised, better-described variety. We explain codes 19 12 10 and 19 12 12, classification by standard and who buys such fuel.
The Municipal District Heating Company (MPEC) in Tarnów will build for PLN 200 million a cogeneration installation based on waste-derived fuel. Co-financing from the National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management (NFOŚiGW) is around PLN 165 million.
Pyrolysis is the thermal decomposition of waste without oxygen into gas, oil and char. We show the types of process, the product balance, the barriers to scaling up and what to realistically expect from the technology.
Reppie, next to the Koshe landfill, is a 50-megawatt thermal waste treatment plant opened in August 2018. We explain its parameters, the context and the place of digestion in African cities.
Co-incineration is the use of waste as a fuel in an installation whose main purpose is producing energy or goods, e.g. clinker. We explain the rules, emission limits and the role of cement plants in Poland.
The East Rockingham Resource Recovery Facility in Western Australia is to process up to 330,000 t of waste per year (including 30,000 t of sludge) and export 28.9 MW to the grid; ARENA contributed AUD 18 million.
