Planning substrate demand: the annual balance and area of cropland
How to get from CHP capacity to tonnes of substrates, hectares of crops and silo capacity. A step-by-step calculation with explicit assumptions and a list of risk factors.
Knowledge compendium — page 18
813 articles on biogas, biomethane, bioLNG, biohydrogen, waste-to-energy, waste and regulation — since December 2019. Filter by category, type, year and tag.
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EU taxonomy: the Commission adopts criteria for the circular economy, water and pollution prevention
On 27 June 2023 the European Commission adopted a package of delegated acts under the taxonomy with criteria for the four remaining environmental objectives: water, the circular economy, pollution and biodiversity.
Estonia: Commission approves amendment to premium scheme (SA.102228), budget rises to €1.37 billion
On 19 June 2023 the Commission approved an amendment to the Estonian scheme SA.102228: the budget rises by €650 million to €1.37 billion. The premium for renewables, including in cogeneration, is €53.7/MWh.
Senate introduces 28 amendments to the agricultural biogas plants act
On 22 June 2023 the Senate adopted the act on facilitations for agricultural biogas plants with 28 amendments, mainly clarifying and editorial ones. The act now returns to the Sejm.
Rules for renewable hydrogen (RFNBO) published in the Official Journal of the EU
On 20 June 2023 Delegated Regulations (EU) 2023/1184 and 2023/1185 on RFNBO were published. They enter into force on 10 July 2023. Hydrogen from biomass is subject to separate sustainability criteria.
Malabar: the first biomethane injected into a gas grid in Australia
In June 2023 Jemena and Sydney Water injected into the New South Wales grid the first biomethane from the Malabar treatment plant – the start of a 14 million AUD project supported by ARENA.
Environmental decision for biogas plants: when and how to obtain it
The environmental decision (DUŚ) is a condition of the building permit for most biogas plants. We explain when it is required, how long the procedure takes and who gives an opinion on the application.
Digestate: closed tanks and residual methane potential – how to reduce emissions
Digestate in open tanks can emit methane because the material has not been fully digested. We explain residual methane potential (RMP), closed tanks and operating recommendations.
Japan updated its hydrogen strategy: 3, 12 and 20 million tonnes by 2030, 2040 and 2050
On 6 June 2023 the Japanese government adopted a revised Basic Hydrogen Strategy: a new target of about 12 million t of hydrogen per year by 2040 and about 15 trillion yen of investment over 15 years.
Silage storage at a biogas plant: silos, covering, losses and logistics
How to design and run a silage store: silo construction, covering, removal, effluent drainage, protection against heating and planning a year-round stock.
Namibia and Hyphen signed a green hydrogen agreement worth USD 10 billion
The Namibian government and Hyphen Hydrogen Energy signed a Feasibility and Implementation Agreement on 26 May 2023 for a USD 10 billion green hydrogen project in the Tsau ǁKhaeb National Park.
Sejm passes the act easing the way for agricultural biogas plants. 449 MPs voted in favour
On 26 May 2023 the Sejm passed the act on facilitating the preparation and implementation of investments in agricultural biogas plants. 449 MPs voted in favour. The act goes to the Senate.
IEA: clean energy investment in 2023 will exceed USD 1.7 trillion, almost twice as much as in fossil fuels
In its World Energy Investment 2023 report the IEA estimates that global energy investment will exceed USD 2.8 trillion in 2023, of which more than USD 1.7 trillion will go to clean energy.
CBAM in the Official Journal of the EU: from October 2023, emissions reporting for fertiliser imports
Regulation (EU) 2023/956 establishing CBAM was published on 16 May 2023 and enters into force on 17 May. From 1 October 2023 importers of, among other things, fertilisers will begin reporting the emissions embedded in goods.
Waste codes at a biogas plant: how to choose a code from the catalogue and avoid mistakes (groups 02, 16, 19, 20)
A waste code is chosen according to the source of generation, not according to what you will use it for. We show the rules of the 2020 catalogue and the codes of typical substrates and fermentation products.
The bioLNG supply chain: from biogas plant to station, truck and ship
The bioLNG chain consists of the biogas plant, upgrading, a liquefaction plant, storage, tanker transport and a station or bunkering. We describe the links, boil-off losses and where costs arise.
Ireland: support for biogas energy — REFIT 3 tariffs from €104 to €157/MWh and RESS auctions
REFIT 3 paid for energy from anaerobic digestion from €104.3 to €156.5/MWh, depending on size and cogeneration. Today biogas installations can enter RESS auctions, but none has won so far.
BMP of sugarcane vinasse: the F/M ratio, scatter of results and conclusions from the 2023 review
We analyse Brazilian BMP studies of vinasse: optimisation of the F/M ratio (95% of theoretical BMP), a review range of 215–324 L CH₄/kg organic matter, and warnings about comparing units.
Maize silage for biogas: harvest date, ensiling quality and losses
How harvest date, dry matter, chop length and compaction affect silage quality and biogas yield. Quality indicators, typical mistakes and ways of reducing losses.
No shortage of ideas for landfills: landfill gas, sorting, composting and thermal treatment
Jardim Gramacho in Rio de Janeiro, composting in San Francisco and the Amager Bakke incinerator show that landfills and waste can be turned into energy and raw materials. We check the facts and the limitations.
ReFuelEU Aviation: agreement on sustainable aviation fuels. 2% SAF in 2025, 70% in 2050
In the night of 25 April 2023 the European Parliament and the Council of the EU agreed ReFuelEU Aviation: aviation fuel suppliers are to blend sustainable fuels (SAF) — 2% in 2025, 6% in 2030, 20% in 2035 and 70% in 2050.
Parliament and Council adopt the ETS and CBAM reform. A new system for buildings and transport from 2027
On 18 April 2023 Parliament, and on 25 April the Council of the EU, adopted key acts of the Fit for 55 package: the ETS reform, CBAM and the Social Climate Fund. This affects energy and fertiliser prices.
Sinopec plans a 400-kilometre hydrogen pipeline from Inner Mongolia to Beijing
In April 2023 Sinopec announced the construction of China's first long-distance hydrogen pipeline: about 400 km from Ulanqab to Beijing, initially 100,000 t a year.
Sejm passes the act on single-use plastics and the product fee: BDO, fees and bans
The act of 14 April 2023 implements the directive on single-use plastic products: bans, charges for bags and packaging, producer fees and obligations in the BDO database.